What specific drought-resistant crops are most commonly grown by farmers in Mallorca to cope with changing weather?

Farmers in Mallorca have increasingly turned to drought-resistant crops as a strategy to cope with the island's changing weather patterns, which reflect broader concerns about climate change and water scarcity in the Mediterranean region. Among these resilient crops, almonds stand out as a traditional and economically significant choice. Almond trees are well adapted to dry conditions and poor soils, requiring minimal irrigation once established. Their deep root systems allow them to access moisture several feet below the surface, making them highly suited to the arid summers typical of Mallorca.

Olives are another staple drought-resistant crop widely cultivated across Mallorca’s undulating landscapes. Olive trees thrive in Mediterranean climates, enduring hot, dry summers and relatively mild, wet winters. Their tough, waxy leaves and extensive root networks help minimize water loss and enhance survival during prolonged dry spells. Olive groves not only support local agriculture but also contribute significantly to Mallorca’s renowned oil production, valued both domestically and internationally.

In addition to almonds and olives, carob trees have gained attention for their robustness in parched environments. Also native to the Mediterranean, carob trees possess a remarkable capacity to withstand drought and poor soil conditions. Historically, carob pods have been used as animal feed and as a chocolate substitute, but recently their cultivation has seen a revival due to their sustainability and nutritional value. Farmers integrate these crops to create a diversified and resilient agricultural system, balancing economic viability with environmental realities. This approach reflects Mallorca’s commitment to preserving its rural heritage while adapting to the challenges posed by climate variability.