How does over-extraction of groundwater in Mallorca impact local agriculture?

Over-extraction of groundwater in Mallorca has significant repercussions for local agriculture, which relies heavily on this resource due to the island's dry Mediterranean climate. As aquifers are depleted, farmers face dwindling water supplies, leading to reduced crop yields and the inability to sustain irrigation for farms. This reduction in available water can change the types of crops that can be grown, shifting from water-intensive crops like fruits and vegetables to more drought-resistant varieties.

Furthermore, the lowering of the water table can cause salinity problems, particularly in coastal areas where seawater intrudes into depleted aquifers. This salinization adversely affects soil quality and can make crops less viable. In addition, over-extraction often leads to higher costs for farmers, who may need to invest in alternative water sources or more efficient irrigation technologies. Consequently, local agriculture becomes less sustainable economically and environmentally, putting pressure on traditional farming practices and impacting food security on the island. The sum effects are potentially detrimental to Mallorca's agricultural heritage and rural economies.