How does the climate of Mallorca affect its marine life and ecosystems?

Mallorca, part of Spain's Balearic Islands, experiences a Mediterranean climate characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. This climate significantly influences its marine life and ecosystems, primarily through water temperature and the availability of nutrients. The warm summer waters, which can reach up to 27°C (81°F), promote the growth of various phytoplankton species, providing a crucial food source for marine animals. However, the rising temperatures due to climate change may lead to coral bleaching events and altered species distributions, as some marine species may struggle to adapt to the warmer conditions.

Additionally, the seasonal rainfall enhances nutrient runoff into the coastal waters during autumn and winter, stimulating primary productivity. This seasonal variation fosters diverse habitats, supporting numerous fish species, mollusks, and crustaceans. The presence of seagrass meadows, particularly Posidonia oceanica, is vital for maintaining water quality and providing habitats for juvenile fish, but they are vulnerable to changes in water temperature and pollution. Overall, while the Mediterranean climate fosters a rich marine biodiversity in Mallorca, it also poses challenges to its ecosystems under the pressures of climate change.