How did Joan Mascaró i Fornés’s translations alter Western interpretations of Indian spiritual traditions?

Joan Mascaró i Fornés played a significant role in reshaping Western understandings of Indian spiritual traditions through his carefully crafted English translations of key Sanskrit texts. His work provided accessible and poetic interpretations of classical scriptures such as the Bhagavad Gita, the Upanishads, and the Dhammapada, bringing the profound philosophical ideas of these ancient works to a broader audience beyond academic circles. Unlike earlier translators who often imposed Western religious frameworks or philosophical biases onto these texts, Mascaró emphasized a faithful yet lucid presentation of the original spiritual insights. This approach allowed Western readers to appreciate the depth, subtlety, and universality of Indian mysticism without unnecessary distortion or oversimplification.

Mascaró’s translations were distinguished by their poetic fluidity and clarity, qualities that helped bridge cultural and linguistic gaps. He sought not only to translate words but to convey the spiritual essence embedded in the Sanskrit originals, making the texts resonate on an emotional and contemplative level. His work coincided with a growing Western interest in Eastern philosophy during the mid-20th century, contributing to the widespread adoption of ideas like mindfulness, meditation, and self-realization. By presenting Indian spirituality as a rich, living tradition rather than a collection of obscure religious doctrines, Mascaró influenced both scholars and spiritual seekers, encouraging a more respectful and nuanced engagement with Indian thought.

Moreover, Joan Mascaró’s translations challenged Western misconceptions that often framed Indian spiritual traditions as exotic or entirely foreign. He demonstrated their philosophical sophistication and relevance to universal human questions about existence, ethics, and consciousness. Through his translations, the Bhagavad Gita and the Upanishads became not just historical or religious artifacts but sources of practical wisdom and inspiration for personal growth. In doing so, Mascaró helped foster a deeper intercultural dialogue and contributed to the integration of Eastern spiritual practices into Western contexts, notably influencing the fields of comparative religion, spirituality, and even psychology. His legacy remains pivotal in how Indian spiritual traditions are comprehended and appreciated in the West today.