What types of fabrics were primarily produced in Mallorca’s textile industry in the Middle Ages?

During the Middle Ages, Mallorca’s textile industry was an important aspect of the island’s economy, producing primarily woolen and linen fabrics. The island's geographic location in the Mediterranean allowed it to be a hub for trade, which in turn supported a thriving textile sector. Wool was the dominant material, as sheep farming was widespread on the island, providing a ready source of raw wool. Skilled artisans and weavers in Mallorca transformed this wool into coarse, sturdy fabrics that were used both locally and exported to other parts of the Mediterranean. These woolen textiles were often utilized for everyday clothing, blankets, and other practical needs.

In addition to wool, linen was also a significant fabric produced during this period. Flax cultivation for linen was supported by Mallorca’s agricultural conditions, especially in certain inland areas where the climate and soil favored flax growth. Linen fabric was valued for its durability and breathability, making it a preferred choice for undergarments and summer wear. The production processes for these fabrics combined traditional medieval techniques, including hand spinning, weaving on looms, and natural dyeing methods. Often, the textiles reflected the island’s cultural influences, with designs and patterns that showed both local and broader Mediterranean artistic trends. Together, wool and linen formed the backbone of Mallorca’s medieval textile production, supporting both its economy and cultural identity.