What materials are commonly used in the construction of modern cisterns in Mallorca compared to historical ones?

In Mallorca, the construction of cisterns has evolved significantly over time, reflecting changes in available materials and technological advances. Historically, cisterns on the island were primarily built using locally sourced stone and lime mortar. These materials were well-suited to the island’s dry climate, offering durability and the ability to keep water cool and clean. Stone was often carefully shaped and laid by skilled masons to create sturdy, well-sealed chambers. The floors and walls of these old cisterns were frequently coated with a waterproof plaster made from lime mixed with volcanic ash or clay, which helped to prevent seepage and contamination.

Modern cisterns in Mallorca, while sometimes still borrowing from the traditional aesthetic, incorporate more contemporary materials designed to enhance water retention and ease of maintenance. Reinforced concrete is a common choice due to its strength, water-tightness, and adaptability to different shapes and sizes. In some instances, polymer liners or other synthetic waterproofing membranes are used inside concrete or stone structures to further reduce leakage and improve hygiene. The increased use of plastic tanks, often made from polyethylene or fiberglass, reflects modern preferences for lightweight, corrosion-resistant materials that can be quickly installed and easily maintained.

The shift from purely natural to mixed and synthetic materials represents a balance between preserving the island’s architectural heritage and meeting contemporary standards for water storage. While historical cisterns remain a charming and functional part of Mallorca's rural landscapes, modern constructions prioritize efficiency and longevity with materials better suited to contemporary environmental and health considerations. This blend of old and new helps to safeguard one of Mallorca’s vital resources—water—in a sustainable and visually harmonious way.