What changes in crop rotation methods did the Moors introduce to Mallorca farmers?

The Moors introduced significant innovations to the agricultural practices of Mallorca, particularly in the way farmers approached crop rotation. Prior to their arrival, local methods were relatively simple, often relying on basic two-field systems that left a section of land fallow each year to restore its fertility. The Moors brought more sophisticated techniques, incorporating a three-field rotation system that allowed for more efficient use of the land throughout the year. This method not only increased the productivity of the soil but also reduced the periods during which fields remained unused.

Another key change was the integration of diverse crops into the rotation cycle. The Moors introduced the cultivation of legumes, such as beans and peas, which helped replenish nitrogen in the soil, improving soil fertility naturally. This was a notable advance because it enhanced soil health without relying solely on leaving fields fallow. Additionally, the Moors' agricultural knowledge included the introduction of new crops and the practice of alternating cereals with nitrogen-fixing plants, resulting in sustained and balanced agricultural productivity.

Irrigation techniques brought by the Moors also supported their crop rotation systems. Their expertise in water management allowed for more intensive cultivation and enabled farmers to grow a greater variety of crops throughout the year. This combination of improved crop rotation and irrigation methods created a more resilient agricultural system, which helped Mallorca’s farmers achieve higher yields and more sustainable land use. These changes marked a turning point in Mallorca’s farming practices, laying the groundwork for agricultural prosperity that influenced the island for centuries.