Are there any traditional or historical reasons for planting certain plants near mulberry trees in Mallorca?

In Mallorca, the traditional practice of planting certain plants near mulberry trees is rooted in both agricultural wisdom and the island’s historical reliance on sericulture, the cultivation of silkworms for silk production. Mulberry trees were highly valued in Mallorca because their leaves are the primary food source for silkworms, a key part of the local economy from the Middle Ages through the 19th century. Farmers and gardeners often grew companion plants near mulberries to optimize soil conditions and improve pest control, reflecting a keen understanding of integrated cultivation methods. The selection of companion plants was guided by practical needs, such as providing shade, improving soil fertility, or deterring insects harmful to mulberries.

Furthermore, certain aromatic or herbaceous plants were traditionally planted alongside mulberry trees to attract beneficial insects that helped pollinate or protect the trees from pests. Mediterranean herbs like rosemary and lavender might be found near mulberries, as their strong scents can repel pests and their flowers attract pollinators, promoting a healthier environment for both the trees and the surrounding crops. Additionally, legumes such as beans or peas were sometimes intercropped to naturally fix nitrogen in the soil, enriching the nutrient profile for the slow-growing mulberry trees without relying on artificial fertilizers.

Culturally, the mulberry tree also held symbolic significance in Mallorca, which contributed to the care and attention given to its cultivation and the plants nearby. The traditional shoreline estates and rural fincas (farmhouses) often featured garden layouts where practicality and aesthetics were intertwined, with mulberry trees providing shade and their companions ensuring a sustainable micro-ecosystem around them. This harmonious planting practice demonstrates the islanders’ deep connection to both the land and the economic lifeblood provided by silk farming, even after the decline of the silk industry. Thus, the tradition of planting certain species near mulberries is a testament to Mallorca's adaptive agricultural heritage and its respect for natural growing cycles.